Everything about Native Schools totally explained
In
New Zealand,
Native Schools were established to provide
education for the
Māori.
Until the
1860s, the government
subsidised church schools for the Maori. Early
missionary schools were often conducted in the
Māori language, which was the predominant language throughout the early part of the
1800s. By the 1860s, three-quarters of the Māori population could read in Māori and two-thirds could write in Maori. The Education Ordinance of
1847 provided funding for mission schools and required them to conduct classes in
English in order receive subsidies.
The
New Zealand Wars forced the closing of the mission schools.
The Native Schools Act of
1867 was a major shift in policy. Rather than helping churches to rebuild mission schools after the wars, the government offered secular state-controlled primary schools to Māori communities who petitioned for them. In return for providing a suitable site, the government provided a school, teacher, books, and materials. . The act required that English be the only language used in the education of Māori children, and Māori were generally strongly supportive of their children learning English as they saw benefits in being able to work with Pākehā.
James Henry Pope (
1837–
1913) was appointed the organising inspector of Native Schools in January
1880 and he issued a Native Schools Code later in 1880 that prescribed a curriculum, established qualifications for teachers, and standardised operation for the native schools. The primary mission was to
assimilate the Māori into European culture. Māori could attend board of education schools and non-Māori could attend Native Schools, although the primary purpose of the Native Schools was providing European education for the Maori. Throughout the
1900s the number of Natives Schools decreased and Māori increasingly attended board of education schools.
The Native Schools remained distinct from other New Zealand schools until
1969, when the last 108 Native Schools were transferred to the control of education boards.
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